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Janka Hardness Scale for Hardwood Flooring
Graduated Comparison Chart
The Janka hardness test was designed to rate the relative hardness of wood (on a scale of 0 to 4000). The test involves measuring the force required to embed a .444″ steel ball into wood to half its diameter. It is one of the best ways to determine the ability of a wood species to withstand denting and wear; and for that reason, one of the most common uses of the Janka hardness scale is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as flooring. It is also a good indicator of how difficult it is to saw or nail hardwood flooring of a given species. Red Oak is the benchmark of the Janka scale. All other species are compared to it.
The following comparison chart illustrates the relative hardness of various species of wood flooring using the Janka scale. The grades are arranged from hardest to softest, and the number on the right is the Janka rating for that particular grade of hardwood flooring. Species marked with an asterisk (*) are domestic (U.S.) species; all others are exotic species. To learn more about grades of flooring available for a particular species, click on its name. Also, see our species-specific Janka scale for a more comprehensive text-only view of the ratings.
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0
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500
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1000
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1500
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2000
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2500
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3000
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3500
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4000
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0
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500
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1000
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1500
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2000
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2500
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3000
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3500
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